When ECG is performed after injury and regeneration in adult zebrafish, abnormal ECG segments and intervals are observed ( 2, 11). Electrocardiography (ECG) of zebrafish has revealed that despite only having a two-chamber heart and lacking pulmonary vasculature, the zebrafish has atrial and ventricular electrical signals similar to those in humans ( 9, 10). This regenerative capacity has prompted scientists to investigate the cardiovascular function of zebrafish and its implications for human cardiac pathology ( 8). An adult zebrafish can completely regenerate its cardiac tissue, even after 20% ventricular myocardium resection. Over the following few months, new cardiac tissue is produced and replaces the fibrin clot without a scar being formed ( 7). When the apex of the zebrafish ventricle is amputated, a large fibrin clot of erythrocytes forms at the wound site and stems bleeding within seconds. discovered that adult zebrafish possess the power to regenerate damaged heart muscle ( 6). However, nonmammalian vertebrates, such as zebrafish ( Danio rerio), exhibit robust regenerative capacity in a variety of tissues, such as the caudal fin, spinal cord, retina, and even-during their larval stages-brain ( 3- 5). Significant loss of cardiomyocytes during injury and disease can result in heart failure and death. The human heart cannot efficiently generate new cardiac muscle cells in response to injury therefore, cardiac injury may result in irreversible damage to cardiac functions ( 1, 2). Keywords: High frequency ultrasound deformation imaging zebrafish heart regeneration The CO had normalized to the baseline values at 7 days after surgery.Ĭonclusions: Our results confirm that the imaging system constructed for this study is suitable for examining zebrafish cardiac functions during heart regeneration. In response to the damage to the heart, the peak systolic strain (ε max) and strain during ejection time (ε ej) were lower than normal at 3 days after the myocardium amputation. Results: The myocardial deformation and cardiac output (CO) were measured in different regeneration phases relative to the day of amputation. Methods: In this study, we used a 70-MHz high-resolution ultrasound deformation imaging system to observe the functional recovery of zebrafish hearts after amputation of the ventricular apex. Zebrafish have been utilized in developmental biology and genetics research however, the details of myocardium motions during their cardiac cycle in different regeneration phases are still not fully understood. An adult zebrafish can completely regenerate cardiac tissue without a scar being formed, even after 20% of its ventricular myocardium has been resected. The zebrafish ( Danio rerio) is a crucial animal model in cardiac research because of its remarkable capacity for tissue regeneration. Policy of Dealing with Allegations of Research Misconductīackground: The adult human heart cannot efficiently generate new cardiac muscle cells in response to injury, and, therefore, cardiac injury results in irreversible damage to cardiac functions.Policy of Screening for Plagiarism Process.
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